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    Spectroscopy of Pionic Atoms in Sn122(d,He3) Reaction and Angular Dependence of the Formation Cross Sections

    T. Nishi1,2, K. Itahashi2,*, G. P. A. Berg3, H. Fujioka4, N. Fukuda2, N. Fukunishi2, H. Geissel5, R. S. Hayano1, S. Hirenzaki6 et al. (piAF Collaboration)

    S. Hirenzaki6, K. Ichikawa1, N. Ikeno7, N. Inabe2, S. Itoh1, M. Iwasaki2, D. Kameda2, S. Kawase8, T. Kubo2, K. Kusaka2, H. Matsubara8, S. Michimasa8, K. Miki1, G. Mishima1, H. Miya2, H. Nagahiro6, M. Nakamura2, S. Noji1, K. Okochi1, S. Ota8, N. Sakamoto2, K. Suzuki9, H. Takeda2, Y. K. Tanaka1, K. Todoroki1, K. Tsukada2, T. Uesaka2, Y. N. Watanabe1, H. Weick5, H. Yamakami4, and K. Yoshida2 (piAF Collaboration)

    • 1Department of Physics, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
    • 2Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
    • 3Department of Physics and the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics Center for the Evolution of the Elements, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
    • 4Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
    • 5GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstrasse 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
    • 6Department of Physics, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara, 630-8506 Nara, Japan
    • 7Department of Life and Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho-Minami, Tottori, 680-8551 Tottori, Japan
    • 8Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
    • 9Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

    • *itahashi@riken.jp
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    Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 152505 – Published 13 April, 2018

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.152505

    Abstract

    We observed the atomic 1s and 2p states of π− bound to Sn121 nuclei as distinct peak structures in the missing mass spectra of the Sn122(d,He3) nuclear reaction. A very intense deuteron beam and a spectrometer with a large angular acceptance let us achieve a potential of discovery, which includes the capability of determining the angle-dependent cross sections with high statistics. The 2p state in a Sn nucleus was observed for the first time. The binding energies and widths of the pionic states are determined and found to be consistent with previous experimental results of other Sn isotopes. The spectrum is measured at finite reaction angles for the first time. The formation cross sections at the reaction angles between 0° and 2° are determined. The observed reaction-angle dependence of each state is reproduced by theoretical calculations. However, the quantitative comparison with our high-precision data reveals a significant discrepancy between the measured and calculated formation cross sections of the pionic 1s state.

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    Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 152505– Published 13 April, 2018
    • Received 24 August 2017
    • Revised 7 February 2018
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